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Chinonye Chukwu

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Movie info: Years of carrying out death row executions have taken a toll on prison warden Bernadine Williams. As she prepares to execute another inmate, Bernadine must confront the psychological and emotional demons her job creates, ultimately connecting her to the man she is sanctioned to kill

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Kuvassa viemme avustuskuormaa erääseen vanhainkotiin Yaoundessa kamerunin pääkaupungissa 3. 6. 2006. Paastonaika avautuu eteemme. Meillä länsimaisessa perinteessä paasto alkaa tuhkakeskiviikkona, jota vietämme 6. 3. 2019. Itäisessä perinteessä paastonaika alkaa jo laskiaissunnuntain illalla. Ortodokseilla illan liturgia alkaa värikkäin vaattein ja iloisin sävelmin. Illan kuluessa pukeutuminen yksinkertaistuu ja sävelmä käy hiljaisemmaksi. Tilaisuuden lopussa tunnelma on rauhalliseen paastonaikaan kuuluvaa. Meillä puolestaan pidetään karnevaalitunnelmaa niin laskiaissunnuntaina kuin -tiistaina. Kun vanhastaan paastonaikana ei olla syöty lihaa, niin muutoin lihan syömisen päivä eli hernekeittopäivän torstain jäädessä paaston puolelle se siirrettiin tiistaille ja hernekeiton lisäksi juhlittiin mäkeä laskettelemalla tai muulla tavoin viimeistä riehakasta päivää ennen paaston hiljaisempaa kautta. Sunnuntai 03. 03. 2019 Laskiaissunnuntai eli Esto mihi Jumalan rakkauden uhritie 1. lukukappale: Jes. 58:1-9 Edessä oleva pitkänperjantain ja pääsiäisen kausi kertoo meille, miten Vapahtajamme kävi kärsimykseen ja kuolemaan meidän edestämme. Jumalan rakkaus tuli esille siinä, että hän teki tämän meidän puolestamme. Näin hän valmisti meille sovinnon Jumalan kanssa, kun hän kantoi kaikki meidän syntimme ristin puulle. Ylösnousemuksellaan hän sitten vahvisti työnsä ja koko maailman vanhurskaus on meille valmiina, kaikki on täytetty ja ihminen saa vapaana Jumalan lapsena elää turvallista ja täysipainoista elämää katse tulevaisuutta ja toivoa täynnä, taivaan suurta päämäärää kohti. Rakkaus on Jumalan lahja Jeesus antoi kaikkensa meidän edestämme. Tämä on niin suuri lahja, että tämän rakkauden heijastumana voimme mekin tehdä kaiken minkä jaksamme ja pystymme toinen toisellemme. Rakkauden ja laupeuden osoittaminen lähimmäistämme kohtaan heijastaa Ikuisen Jumalan hyvyyttä, niin kuin kuu heijastaa auringon valoa ja valaisee meidän pimeää maailmaamme silloin kun yöllä muu ympäristö on pimeyden vallassa. Toisenlaista paastoa minä odotan: että vapautat syyttömät kahleista, irrotat ikeen hihnat ja vapautat sorretut, että murskaat kaikki ikeet, murrat leipää nälkäiselle, avaat kotisi kodittomalle, vaatetat alastoman, kun hänet näet, etkä karttele apua tarvitsevaa veljeäsi. Silloin sinun valosi puhkeaa näkyviin kuin aamunkoi ja hetkessä sinun haavasi kasvavat umpeen. Uskon vanhurskaus vapauttaa ihmisen ja sen hedelmänä on laupeus Jeesus on kaiken täyttänyt Golgatan ristillä. Siellä Jumalan pelastustyö on valmistettu. Uskolla se otetaan vastaan täysin lahjana. Uskosta me olemme vanhurskautettuja. Jumalan vapauttamina meitä sitten kutsutaan rakkauden tekoihin lähimmäistämme kohtaan. Jumala on jakanut hyvyyttään ilman meidän ansioitamme, oman hyvyytensä tähden. Mekin Jumalan vapauttamat saamme viedä laupeuden sanomaa eteenpäin. Koko maailmaa kutsutaan sovintoon ja Jumalan rauhaan: Jumalan armahtamina armahtamaan toinen toistamme ja Jumalan auttamina auttamaan toisiamme sen mukaan kuin voimia Herralta saamme. Rukoilkaamme toinen toisemme puolesta ja tällä tavoin kantakaamme lähimmäisiämme Jumalamme eteen. Vanhurskaus itse kulkee sinun edelläsi ja Herran kirkkaus seuraa suojanasi. Ja Herra vastaa, kun kutsut häntä, kun huudat apua, hän sanoo: ”Tässä minä olen. ”.
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1. Oi Jeesuksen laupeus, mi mua varjoaa, Oi armoa suurta, mink aina Hän tarjoaa. Hän kärsi mun vuokseni ristiä kantaen Hän vertansa vuodatti henkensä antaen. Oi armon suuruutta, ett on Hän henkensä mun vuoksein antanut! Oi armon suuruutta, armon suuruutta! 2. Oi ihme, Hän synnistä tahtoo mun puhdistaa, Näin ylpeän, penseän sieluni vapahtaa. Suo kurjalle mulle Hän armonsa huomion Näin poistaen päältäni katkeran tuomion. 3. Oi naulitut kädet, mi velkamme maksoivat! Mik uhri ja sääli näin kärsiä jaksoivat! Käyn armonsa istuimen juurelle kiittäen Ja polvistun käteni yhtehen liittäen. Sanat ja sävel: Charles H. Gabriel, 1856–1932.

Download Free clémence. Download free clemency search. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) – lupus – is a long-term condition causing inflammation to the joints, skin and other organs. There's no cure, but symptoms can improve if treatment starts early. Non-urgent advice: See a GP if you often get: joint pain and stiffness extreme tiredness that will not go away no matter how much you rest skin rashes – often over the nose and cheeks These are the main symptoms of lupus. As well as the 3 main symptoms, you might also have: weight loss swollen glands sensitivity to light (causing rashes on uncovered skin) poor circulation in fingers and toes (Raynaud's) Important Lupus is better managed if diagnosed and treated early. How lupus is diagnosed As lupus symptoms can be similar to lots of other conditions, it can take some time to diagnose. The GP will usually do some blood tests. High levels of a type of antibody, combined with typical symptoms, means lupus is likely. You might be referred for X-rays and scans of your heart, kidney and other organs if your doctor thinks they might be affected. Once lupus is diagnosed, you'll be advised to have regular checks and tests, such as regular blood tests to check for anaemia and urine tests to check for kidney problems, which lupus can cause. Lupus can range from mild to severe Severity How it affects the body Mild Joint and skin problems, tiredness Moderate Inflammation of other parts of the skin and body, including your lungs, heart and kidneys Severe Inflammation causing severe damage to the heart, lungs, brain or kidneys can be life threatening Symptoms can flare up and settle down Often the disease flares up (relapses) and symptoms become worse for a few weeks, sometimes longer. Symptoms then settle down (remission. The reason why symptoms flare up or settle down is not yet known. Some people do not notice any difference and symptoms are constant. Treatment for lupus Lupus is generally treated using: anti-inflammatory medicines like ibuprofen hydroxychloroquine for fatigue and skin and joint problems steroid tablets, injections and creams for kidney inflammation and rashes Two newer medicines (rituximab and belimumab) are sometimes used to treat severe lupus. These work on the immune system to reduce the number of antibodies in the blood. Arthritis Research UK has more information on the treatments for lupus. Living with lupus: things you can do yourself Although medicines are important in controlling lupus, you can help manage your symptoms and reduce the risk of it getting worse. Do eat a healthy, balanced diet try to stay active when you're having a flare-up – try walking or swimming get lots of rest try relaxation techniques to manage stress – stress can make symptoms worse use high-factor (50+ sunscreen – you can get it on prescription if you have lupus wear a hat in the sun tell your employer about your condition – you might be able to adjust your working pattern ask for help from family, friends and health professionals Don't do not smoke – stopping smoking is the most important thing to do if you have lupus do not sit in direct sunlight or spend a lot of time in rooms with fluorescent lights LUPUS UK has support, advice and information for people with the disease. Causes of lupus Lupus is an autoimmune disease. This means the body's natural defence system (immune system) attacks healthy tissues. It's not contagious. It's not fully understood what causes lupus. A viral infection, strong medication, sunlight, puberty, childbirth and the menopause can all trigger the condition. More women than men get lupus, and it's more common in black and Asian women. Pregnancy and lupus Lupus can cause complications in pregnancy. See your doctor before trying to get pregnant to discuss the risks and so your medication can be changed if necessary. Media last reviewed: 3 July 2018 Media review due: 3 July 2021 Page last reviewed: 30 August 2017 Next review due: 30 August 2020.

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Download Free clemencee. What is the treatment for lupus? Is there a cure for lupus? There is no permanent cure for SLE. The goal of treatment is to relieve symptoms and protect organs by decreasing inflammation and/or the level of autoimmune activity in the body. The precise treatment is decided on an individual basis. Many people with mild symptoms may need no treatment or only intermittent courses of anti-inflammatory medications. Those with more serious illness involving damage to internal organ(s) may require high doses of corticosteroids in combination with other medications that suppress the body's immune system. People with SLE need more rest during periods of active disease. Researchers have reported that poor sleep quality was a significant factor in developing fatigue in people with SLE. These reports emphasize the importance for people and physicians to address sleep quality and the effect of underlying depression, lack of exercise, and self-care coping strategies on overall health. During these periods, carefully prescribed exercise is still important to maintain muscle tone and range of motion in the joints. To protect from sun sensitivity, sunscreens, sun avoidance, and sun protection clothing are used. Certain types of lupus rash can respond to topical cortisone medications. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( NSAIDs) are helpful in reducing inflammation and pain in muscles, joints, and other tissues. Examples of NSAIDs include aspirin, ibuprofen ( Motrin) naproxen ( Naprosyn) and sulindac ( Clinoril. Since the individual response to NSAIDs varies, it is common for a doctor to try different NSAIDs to find the most effective one with the fewest side effects. The most common side effects are stomach upset, abdominal pain, ulcers, and even ulcer bleeding. NSAIDs are usually taken with food to reduce side effects. Sometimes, medications that prevent ulcers while taking NSAIDs, such as misoprostol ( Cytotec) are given simultaneously. Corticosteroids are more potent than NSAIDs in reducing inflammation and restoring function when the disease is active. Corticosteroids are particularly helpful when internal organs are affected. Corticosteroids can be given by mouth, injected directly into the joints and other tissues, or administered intravenously. Unfortunately, corticosteroids have serious side effects when given in high doses over prolonged periods, and the doctor will try to monitor the activity of the disease in order to use the lowest doses that are safe. Side effects of corticosteroids include weight gain, thinning of the bones and skin, infection, diabetes, facial puffiness, cataracts, and death (necrosis) of the tissues in large joints. Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) is an antimalarial medication found to be particularly effective for SLE patients with fatigue, skin involvement, and joint disease. Consistently taking Plaquenil can prevent flare-ups of lupus. Side effects are uncommon but include diarrhea, upset stomach, and eye-pigment changes. Eye-pigment changes are rare but require monitoring by an ophthalmologist (eye specialist) during treatment with Plaquenil. Researchers have found that Plaquenil significantly decreased the frequency of abnormal blood clots in people with systemic lupus. Moreover, the effect seemed independent of immune suppression, implying that Plaquenil can directly act to prevent the blood clots. This fascinating study highlights an important reason for people and doctors to consider Plaquenil for long-term use, especially for those SLE people who are at some risk for blood clots in veins and arteries, such as those with phospholipid antibodies (cardiolipin antibodies, lupus anticoagulant, and false-positive venereal disease research laboratory test. This means not only that Plaquenil reduces the chance for re-flares of SLE, but it can also be beneficial in thinning the blood to prevent abnormal excessive blood clotting. Plaquenil is commonly used in combination with other treatments for lupus. For resistant skin disease, other antimalarial drugs, such as chloroquine ( Aralen) or quinacrine, are considered and can be used in combination with hydroxychloroquine. Alternative medications for skin disease include dapsone and retinoic acid (Retin-A. Retin-A is often effective for an uncommon wart-like form of lupus skin disease. For more severe skin disease, immunosuppressive medications are considered as described below. Medications that suppress immunity (immunosuppressive medications) are also called cytotoxic drugs. They are sometimes referred to as chemotherapy because they are also used to treat cancer, generally in much higher doses than those used to treat lupus. Immunosuppressive medications are used for treating people with more severe manifestations of SLE, such as damage to internal organ(s. Examples of immunosuppressive medications include azathioprine (Imuran) cyclophosphamide ( Cytoxan) chlorambucil ( Leukeran) cyclosporine ( Sandimmune) and the disease-modifying drug methotrexate ( Rheumatrex, Trexall. All immunosuppressive medications can seriously depress blood-cell counts and increase risks of infection and bleeding. Immunosuppressive medications may not be taken during pregnancy or conceptionbecause of risk to the fetus. Other side effects are specific for each drug. For examples, methotrexate can cause liver toxicity, while cyclosporine can impair kidney function. In recent years, mycophenolate mofetil ( CellCept) has been used as an effective medication for lupus, particularly when it is associated with kidney disease. CellCept has been helpful in reversing active lupus kidney disease (lupus renal disease) and in maintaining remission after it is established. Its lower side-effect profile has advantage over traditional immune-suppression medications. In lupus patients with serious brain (lupus cerebritis) or kidney disease (lupus nephritis) plasmapheresis is sometimes used to remove antibodies and other immune substances from the blood to suppress immunity. Plasmapheresis is a process of removing blood and passing the blood through a filtering machine, then returning the blood to the body with its antibodies removed. Rarely, people with SLE can develop seriously low platelet levels, thereby increasing the risk of excessive and spontaneous bleeding. Since the spleen is believed to be the major site of platelet destruction, surgical removal of the spleen is sometimes performed to improve platelet levels. Other treatments have included plasmapheresis and the use of male hormones. Plasmapheresis has also been used to remove certain harmful proteins (cryoglobulins) that can lead to vasculitis. End-stage kidney damage from SLE requires dialysis and/or a kidney transplant. Research is indicating benefits of rituximab ( Rituxan) in treating lupus. Rituximab is an intravenously infused antibody that suppresses a particular white blood cell, the B cell, by decreasing their number in the circulation. B cells have been found to play a central role in lupus activity, and when they are suppressed, the disease tends toward remission. This may particularly helpful for people with kidney disease. Another new B-cell-suppressing treatment is belimumab ( Benlysta. Belimumab blocks the stimulation of the B cells (a B-lymphocyte stimulator or BLyS-specific inhibitor) and is approved for the treatment of adults with active autoantibody-positive systemic lupus erythematosus who are receiving standard therapy. It is important to note that the efficacy of belimumab has not been evaluated in patients with severe active lupus nephritis or severe active central nervous system lupus. Belimumab has not been studied in combination with other biologic therapies or intravenous cyclophosphamide.

Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary Jump to navigation Jump to search Finnish [ edit] Noun [ edit] laupeus mercy, compassion Declension [ edit] Inflection of laupeus ( Kotus type 40/ kalleus, t-d gradation) nominative laupeudet genitive laupeuden laupeuksien partitive laupeutta laupeuksia illative laupeuteen laupeuksiin singular plural accusative nom. gen. inessive laupeudessa laupeuksissa elative laupeudesta laupeuksista adessive laupeudella laupeuksilla ablative laupeudelta laupeuksilta allative laupeudelle laupeuksille essive laupeutena laupeuksina translative laupeudeksi laupeuksiksi instructive — laupeuksin abessive laupeudetta laupeuksitta comitative laupeuksineen Possessive forms of laupeus (type kalleus) possessor 1st person laupeuteni laupeutemme 2nd person laupeutesi laupeutenne 3rd person laupeutensa Retrieved from. Categories: Finnish lemmas Finnish nouns Finnish kalleus-type nominals.

Download free clemency 2017. Download free clemency list. Download free elementary textbooks. Download free clemency day. Download free clemency version. Download Free clemenceau. Laupeus sana on merkitykseltään lähellä sanoja sääliväisyys, armo ja rakkaus. Ihminen voi olla laupias ja hän voi harjoittaa laupeuden tekoja. Laupias samarialainen on eräs tunnettuja Jeesuksen käyttämiä vertauksia. Sanaan sisältyy ajatus säälistä ja myötätunnosta hädässä olevaa kohtaan. Se ei ole ainoastaan passiivista myötätuntoa, vaan aktiivista toimintaa aiheuttavaa tunnetta, joka saa ihmisen auttamaan heikommassa asemassa olevaa omalla kustannuksellaan. Klassisessa kreikassa elos tarkoittaa tunnetta, joka valtaa ihmisen jonkin pahan tai onnettomuuden kohdattua lähimmäistä. Eräät filosofit, kuten esimerkiksi stoalaiset, pitivät laupeutta sielun sairautena, lähde? mutta Raamattu korostaa usein ja painokkaasti laupeuden tärkeyttä. Jumala on laupias. Ps 103:8-13 Daavid sanoi, että jumalan laupeus tekee hänestä suuren. Ps 18:36 San 19:22 sanoo, että ihaninta ihmisessä on hänen laupeutensa.

Download free clemency letter. Download free clemency app. Download free elementor themes. Download free clemency act. Also Known As Systemic Lupus Erythematosus SLE Disseminated Lupus Erythematosus Lupus Erythematosus LE Discoid Lupus Subacute Cutaneous Lupus Drug-induced Lupus Neonatal Lupus This article was last modified on January 10, 2020. Lupus is a chronic, inflammatory autoimmune disorder. It is a condition in which the immune system, which normally protects the body from infections, produces an inappropriate immune response against its own tissues. Lupus may affect the skin, joints, blood vessels, and internal organs, especially the kidneys, heart, lungs, and brain. There are several types of lupus; the most common is systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) which affects many areas of the body. Anyone can get lupus at any time, but it most commonly affects women of childbearing age. It is diagnosed in 10 times more women than men and is more common in persons of African, Asian, Hispanic, and Native American descent. SLE is most frequently seen in people between the ages of 15 and 44, although children, including newborns, and older adults can also have lupus. The cause of lupus is not fully understood. It is thought to involve both an inherited component and a trigger that may be related to environmental factors, such as exposure to sunlight, and/or the use of certain medications and viral infections. Lupus may co-exist with other autoimmune disorders, such as Sjögren syndrome, some cases of hemolytic anemia, Hashimoto thyroiditis, and idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP; see Bleeding Disorders - Platelet disorders. There are many types of lupus. Some of these are listed below. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the incidence is difficult to establish due to vague signs and symptoms and onset. According to the National Resource Center on Lupus, more than 16, 000 new cases of SLE are reported in the U. S. each year, and at least 1. 5 million Americans are currently living with lupus. Ninety percent of newly diagnosed patients are women of child-bearing age. It affects many parts of the body ( systemic. Discoid lupus- this type is characterized by a chronic skin rash, such as on the face or scalp; about 15% to 20% of people with this condition will progress to SLE. Subacute cutaneous lupus- associated with skin lesions on parts of the body that are exposed to sunlight. Drug-induced lupus- a form of lupus that can be caused by certain medications, such as some anti-seizure, high blood pressure, and anti-thyroid medications. The most common medications known to cause drug-induced lupus are the antibiotic isoniazid (used to treat and prevent tuberculosis) hydralazine (used to treat hypertension or high blood pressure) and procainamide (used to treat abnormal heart rhythms. Symptoms tend to occur after taking the medication for several months and usually resolve once the medication is stopped. Neonatal lupus- a rare form of lupus that affects newborns and that is characterized by a skin rash, liver problems, and low blood counts at birth. These usually resolve over several months. Newborns who have neonatal lupus may be born to women who have SLE, Sjögren syndrome, or no particular disease, but it is thought that it may be triggered in part by certain autoantibodies in the mother's blood ( anti-SSA and anti-SSB) which cross the placenta into the fetus's/infant's bloodstream and can persist for several months. Women known to have these autoantibodies may be monitored more closely during their pregnancy. Signs and symptoms of lupus vary from person to person and by the type of lupus. People with lupus may develop a rash, such as: A rash resembling a butterfly that appears across the nose and cheeks (malar rash) A red rash consisting of round or oval-shaped patches (discoid rash) A rash on areas of the skin that are exposed to sunlight (typically the face and extremities) A rash is typically the only symptom in discoid and subacute cutaneous lupus. People with other types of lupus may have a combination of the following additional signs and symptoms: Muscle pain Arthritis-like pain in one or more  joints (but no or little joint damage) Fever Persistent fatigue Swollen lymph nodes Sensitivity to sunlight Raynaud phenomenon (fingers change color after exposure to cold temperatures or with stress) Hair loss Chest pain Anemia Mouth ulcers Inflammation and damage to organs and tissues, including the kidneys, lungs, heart, lining of the heart, central nervous system, and blood vessels Symptoms of lupus may come and go over time and vary from person to person. They may worsen abruptly and then die down. Flare-ups may be triggered by changes in someone's health status, such as physical or emotional stressors, and/or by outside stimulants such as exposure to sunlight. Women may experience flare-ups during pregnancy or shortly after giving birth. People with lupus are at increased risk of infections, such as urinary tract infections, respiratory infections, yeast infections, salmonella, herpes and shingles, due to their weakened immune system from both the condition and its treatments. They are also at increased risk of cancer, bone tissue death, and pregnancy complications, including miscarriage and pre-eclampsia. In 1982, the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) developed classification criteria to aid healthcare practitioners in making a diagnosis, in particular, of SLE. The criteria were last updated in 1997. If someone has four or more of the 11 criteria listed, that person may be diagnosed with lupus. A rash resembling a butterfly that appears across the nose and cheeks (malar, relating to the cheek) Photosensitivity – rash develops on areas of skin that have been exposed to sunlight Mouth sores or nose ulcers – usually painless Arthritis in two or more joints, along with tenderness, swelling, or accumulation of fluid that lasts for a few weeks – arthritis associated with SLE is non-erosive, meaning the bones near affected joints are not damaged Inflammation of the lining around the heart (pericarditis) and/or lungs (pleuritis) Neurologic disorder – seizures and/or psychosis without other identifiable causes Blood (hematologic) disorder – anemia, low white blood cell count, or low platelet count Kidney problems – such as a high amount of protein in the urine or cellular casts in the urine Positive blood test for antinuclear antibodies (ANA, see tests below) – high levels are generally more specific to SLE; must be in the absence of medications known to be associated with drug-induced lupus Positive blood test for anti-double stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) anti-Sm (Smith) antibody, cardiolipin antibody or lupus anticoagulant (see below) or a false-positive test for syphilis (meaning the person tests positive but does not have the disease) In 2012, the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) group revised and validated the ACR's SLE classification criteria. According to the revision, a patient is classified as having SLE if s/he has biopsy-proven kidney involvement (lupus nephritis) with ANA or anti-dsDNA antibodies or if s/he satisfies 4 of the 11 diagnostic criteria, including the presence of at least one sign or symptom and a positive autoantibody test. The following laboratory tests for autoantibodies may be useful in the diagnosis of lupus: Anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) – positive in almost all people with SLE, although can also be positive in those with other autoimmune diseases as it indicates a stimulated immune system Anti-Sm antibody (anti-Smith antibody) – usually seen only in those with SLE Anti-double stranded DNA (Anti-dsDNA) – high levels are characteristic of active SLE Anti-SSA and Anti-SSB – may also be positive Anti-RNP – may be positive Anti-chromatin antibodies – may be present in people with SLE who are positive for ANA but negative for anti-dsDNA Histone antibodies – for drug-induced lupus Antiphospholipid antibodies – such as lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin, anti-β2 glycoprotein I Other general tests that may be useful for evaluating someone with or suspected of having lupus: Urinalysis – may show blood, urinary casts, or protein in the urine, which can indicate kidney involvement Complete blood count (CBC) – may reveal anemia and decreased numbers of white blood cells and platelets, which can occur with lupus Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP) – indicates current status of the kidneys and liver as well as electrolyte and acid/base balance and levels of blood glucose and blood proteins Serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP) – gamma globulin protein levels are indicative of inflammatory diseases such as SLE Complement 3 (C-3) C4 and CH50 – often decreased; the complement system is part of the immune system. Amounts may be associated with lupus but also gram-negative  septicemia, shock, and  malaria. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) – increased with inflammation, such as with lupus as well as other inflammatory conditions C-reactive protein (CRP) – another marker of inflammation that may be elevated with lupus Cryoglobulin – frequently positive; cryoglobulins are abnormal proteins in the blood that will precipitate when the body temperature drops below normal, causing blockage of the blood vessels. Non-laboratory tests X-rays or other imaging tests may be ordered to examine organs potentially affected by lupus. In addition, a kidney biopsy may be performed. This involves taking a piece of kidney tissue for examination to detect any changes in the tissue that could indicate lupus and help guide treatment. There is currently no cure for lupus, although many of those affected may experience remissions of symptoms between flare-ups. The goals of treatment are to alleviate symptoms, to minimize the occurrence of flare-ups, and to minimize and address the development of complications associated with lupus. Periodic physical exams and laboratory testing are important for monitoring a person's response to treatment as well as to detect new organ system involvement. To help decrease the number of flare-ups, people with lupus should get sufficient rest, exercise, and should minimize stress and avoid exposure to sunlight. If someone notices that a particular substance makes her symptoms worse, then she should avoid exposure to it. Medications can be given to relieve pain, minimize inflammation, and address complications. The most common drugs offered are nonsteroidal anti-inflamatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen or naproxen, antimalarial drugs, which have been found to be useful in treating lupus, and corticosteroids. In more aggressive cases, other  immunosuppressive drugs may be used. Dietary supplements, including dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) vitamin D, and fish oil have shown some benefit as complementary treatments for people with lupus. People should work closely with their healthcare practitioner and with specialists as needed, such as a rheumatologist (a specialist in autoimmune disorders) to develop a treatment plan that is effective for them. This plan is likely to change over time due to changes in a person's symptoms, general state of health, and as new treatments become available. Women wanting to become pregnant should talk to their practitioner about their health and the medications they are taking. Some treatments are safer than others for the fetus during pregnancy. Research is ongoing to better understand the disease process of lupus as well as the role of genetics and to identify potentially useful biomarkers for detecting lupus as well as new, effective treatments. To learn more about treatments, see the links in the Related Content section. Sources Used in Current Review American College of Rheumatology. (June 2015 updated. Lupus. Available online at. Accessed March 22, 2017. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (30 January 2017 updated. Lupus Detailed Fact Sheet. Accessed March 22, 2017. National Resource Center on Lupus. (20 June 2013 updated. What Is Lupus? Available online at. Accessed March 27, 2017. Mayo Clinic. (18 November 2014 updated. Accessed March 22, 2017. Lupus Foundation of America. (8 July 2013 updated. Lab Tests for Lupus. Accessed March 22, 2017. Bartels CM, Muller D. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE. 19 September 2016 updated. Accessed March 27, 2017. Bartles CM, Diamond, Muller D. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Workup. (19 September 2016 updated. Available online at. Accessed March 27, 2017. Sources Used in Previous Reviews (2003 August. Handout on Health: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Disease [On-line information. Available online at. Ginzler, E. and Tayar, J. (2004 May. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. American College of Rheumatology [On-line information. Available online at. (2007 January 12) Lupus. [On-line information. Available online at. Nan Gustafson. Director of Education and Patient Services, Lupus Foundation of Minnesota. (2009 April. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases [On-line information. Accessed September 2010. Borigini, M. J. (Updated 2010 February 7. Systemic lupus erythematosus. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia [On-line information. Accessed September 2010. ( 2010. Laboratory Tests for Lupus. Lupus Foundation of America, Inc. Accessed September 2010. Mayo Clinic Staff (2009 October 20. Lupus. Accessed September 2010. Hill, H. and Tebo, A (Updated 2009 November. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus – SLE. ARUP Consult [On-line information. Accessed September 2010. Bartels, C. and Muller, D (Updated 2010 September 21. eMedicine [On-line information. Accessed September 2010. Klippel JH, Weyand CM, Wortmann RL, eds. Primer on the Rheumatic Diseases. Chapter 19. Arthritis Foundation, 1997. Cervera R et al. Anti-chromatin antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus: a useful marker for lupus nephropathy. Ann Rheum Dis 2003;62:431-434 doi:10. 1136/ard. 62. 5. 431. Derivation and Validation of Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics Classification Criteria for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. ACR/ARHP 2011 Scientific Meeting. Accessed March 2014. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. Fast Facts About Lupus. Accessed March 2014. Lupus. Accessed March 2014. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE or lupus. Accessed March 2014. MedlinePlus. Accessed March 2014. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. Drug-induced lupus erythematosus. Accessed March 2014. MedlinePlus Drug Information. Isoniazid. Hydralazine. Procainamide Oral. Accessed March 2014. Lupus Foundation of America. Which medications cause drug-induced lupus? Available online at. Accessed March 2014. Hahn B. Chapter 319. In: Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson J, Loscalzo J. eds. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18e. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2012.

Download free clemency games. Download free clemency images. Download free clemency application. Download Free clémence poésy. Download Free clemency. Download free elements game. How homeopathy can be an effective treatment Lupus (systemic lupus erythematosus) is multisystem autoimmune disease. This means that the symptoms are caused by the immune system attacking the body, and almost every organ can be affected. Lupus (Latin for wolf) takes its name from the fact that it can cause rashes across the cheeks and nose, said to resemble the face of a wolf. Although this can be a very difficult condition to treat because so many different parts of the body are involved, a holistic approach such as homeopathy may prove to be very effective. Autoimmune disease An autoimmune disease occurs when the body mounts an immune response against its own parts. Other examples of autoimmune diseases include Crohns, diabetes, coelic disease, thyroditis, multi­ple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. The cause of these diseases is far from clear. Certain individuals may be pre­disposed to developing them and, with the exception of ankylosing spondylitis, women are more susceptible. Environ­mental factors almost certainly play a role, and it is notable that in areas of the world where infectious diseases are endemic, the incidence of autoimmune disease is significantly lower. Common symptoms of lupus Lupus usually starts with joint pains, especially in the small joints of the hands and feet, which may flit from one set of joints to another. Skin rashes are also common and these are often made worse when exposed to strong sunlight. Patients will usually have fever, malaise, weight loss and often feel completely exhausted and fatigue easily. Lymph glands in the neck and other parts of the body are often tender and swollen, and muscles may ache and become tender to the touch. All of these symptoms may be caused by a number of different con­ditions, and lupus is often difficult to diagnose on the symptoms alone. Who gets lupus? Lupus affects mainly young women and is in fact nine times more commonly found in women. It is rare to make the diagnosis after the age of 60 although it can affect both sexes at any age. In Europe and America, it is much more common in women of Afro-Caribbean origin than in white women, although the condition is rarely found in Africa. What causes lupus to develop? The honest answer is that no one knows what causes an individual to develop lupus, and it is probable that this is a multifactorial disease. There is a genetic predisposition, for example if an indi­vidual is diagnosed with the condition there is a one in twenty chance that a sibling will develop lupus. This risk is increased to nearly one in three if identical twins are involved. Certain gene patterns have been identified which may make an individual more suscepti­ble. A number of drugs including certain antihypertensives, antifungal agents and antibiotics may act as a trigger for devel­oping lupus or a related condition. It is also possible that viruses may cause lupus to develop. Which parts of the body can be affected? Virtually any part of the body can be in­volved. Commonly affected organs are: > Blood and lymphatic system The bone marrow may be affected giving anaemia and a low platelet count which will cause tiredness and easy bruising. A specific antibody called antiphos­pholipid antibody may be present in the blood stream which can predispose to blood clots and has been associated with an increased rate of miscarriage in pregnancy. > Joints Pain and swelling in the joints is com­mon. Although this can be distressing, it is unusual for joint damage or long-term deformity to occur. > Skin Apart from the facial rash described earlier, the skin may become hyper­sensitive to sunlight (photosensitivity) and rashes often occur in areas which are more commonly exposed to the sun, such as the forearms and hands. Hair loss (alopecia) may occur although this is often mild and patchy and the hair usually re-grows. > Heart and lungs Rarely these organs are affected. More commonly the linings of the heart or lungs, the pericardium or the pleura may become inflamed giving pericarditis or pleurisy. Symptoms may include breath­lessness or sharp pains on taking a deep breath. > Brain and nervous system Migraine may affect up to one in three people with lupus. Fatigue and depres­sion are also frequently a problem. > Kidneys One in three patients with lupus may have some form of kidney disease. This is usually mild inflammation which rarely causes serious problems or significant damage to the kidneys, but does need to be monitored. > Other organs The digestive system and the eyes are less commonly affected. Diagnosis Although a lot is now known about this condition there is still no single diag­nostic test. Specific antibodies in the blood are usually present and the detection of these antibodies in combi­nation with the symptoms described earlier go towards confirming the diag­nosis of lupus. Conventional treatment There is no known “cure” for this con­dition and conventional treatment is directed towards controlling the disease and its symptoms. Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as Ibuprofen and Diclofenac are used to control joint pains. These drugs can have side-effects including irritating the stomach lining. Some of the newer NSAIDs, known as Cox-2 drugs, are less likely to irritate the stomach but may slightly increase the risk of heart attack and stroke. Corticosteroids may be given to con­trol pericarditis and inflammation of the kidneys (nephritis. These are very effec­tive but in longer-term use may increase the risk of developing osteoporosis and diabetes. Steroids are therefore given in the lowest effective dose and ideally for short periods. Other drugs may be given to suppress the immune system during a flare up of lupus. Contraception There is evidence that oestrogen may cause lupus to flare up, and the pro­gesterone only pill is considered to be a better option than the “combined pill” which contains both oestrogen and pro­gesterone. Similarly the oestrogen found in hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may have the same adverse effects. Pregnancy The presence of antiphospholipid anti­bodies in the blood does give an increased risk of miscarriage and obstetricians will often recommend taking 75mg aspirin daily during the pregnancy. Expert advice should always be sought regard­ing this. A holistic approach In conditions of this kind, where almost every organ and system may be affected, a holistic approach will always give the best results. The homeopathic approach involves taking account of all symptoms, physical, emotional and mental, and thus is well suited to treating a multi­system disease such as lupus. Self help Simple measures can often dramatically improve symptoms of lupus flare-ups and these may include: > Rest and relaxation Lupus can be exacerbated by stress and it is very important to lead a balanced life with a protected time built into each day for rest and relaxation. > Sun protection Many of the rashes and skin conditions which occur frequently with lupus are exacerbated by sunlight, and it is essen­tial to limit sun exposure. A good qual­ity sunscreen with at least factor 25 protection should be worn. > Avoidance of unnecessary exposure to infection Lupus can have an adverse affect on the immune system, and the immune sup­pressing drugs that are often used dur­ing symptom flare-ups can make the body even more susceptible to infection. Clearly we are continually exposed to viruses on the bus, train, in the work­place etc on a daily basis, and short of spending 24 hours a day in a bubble it is impossible to live in an infection-free environment. It is important however to take sensible precautions and avoid those family and friends with obvious known infectious diseases, especially chickenpox. > Diet A diet low in saturated animal fat may be helpful in reducing joint pains and inflammation and will certainly improve overall health and wellbeing. There is some evidence to suggest that fish oil supplements may be useful. Health and homeopathy George Vithoulkas, the eminent Greek homeopath, describes levels of health. A person whose health is in the upper­most level will experience no symptoms and enjoy perfect health and happiness. As we descend the levels, minor often self-limiting symptoms will develop. These are caused by exposure to environmental in­fluences like viruses or stress. The immune system is able to deal with this and the symptoms resolve spontaneously. At this stage there is merely dysfunction of the organs and the body heals itself. Moving further down the levels, symptoms devel­op which dont disappear and chronic disease takes hold. Good homeopathic prescribing on a constitutional level can prevent this deterioration in health. Constitutional treatment Individuals can be classified according to the characteristic reaction patterns of body. For example, somebody who has a phosphoric constitution will experience pain as a burning sensation. These individuals are very anxious and indeed may become overwhelmed and “burnt out” by their anxieties. Thus a Phosphorus patient who develops lupus will have a tremendous anxiety about her health, will be very fearful, especially when alone and is particularly frightened of thunderstorms. The pains in her joints and muscles will be described as “burning”. Pain in other parts of the body (eg migrainous head­aches) will also have a burning quality. A patient with a Nux vomica cons­titution will experience the same disease in a very different way. She is usually a very driven ambitious person who may lie awake at night worrying about her business affairs, and will become very angry and frustrated with her illness. Typically, relapses in the condition will follow periods of overworking and stress. Joint pains will be worse at night in bed, worse for cold and better for warmth. A Pulsatilla patient will again present a different picture. She will be a soft gentle person who weeps easily and may be particularly tearful during flare-ups. She will require lots of comforting and consolation. One of the main charac­teristics of Pulsatilla is “changeability” and the aches and pains of lupus may be experienced as throbbing one day and stabbing the next. The constitutional approach is usually the most effective when treating a multi­system disease such as lupus. Local remedies Flare-ups of lupus may affect different parts and organs at different times, and homeopathic remedies may be very useful in alleviating symptoms. > Joint pains: A large number of homeopathic remedies can help joint pains: Aconite: sudden severe joint pains which may occur following exposure to a cold dry wind. Hot tender joints. Apis: hot swollen red inflamed joints. Relieved by cold applications. Bryonia: sharp stitching joint and muscle pain worse with even the slightest move­ment. Dulcamara: joint pains occurring in cold damp weather, better with heat and motion. Rhus tox: painful stiff joints, worse with initial movement (eg on rising from bed) better with continued motion. Rhododendron: joint pain worse in wet weather, especially before a storm. Ruta: stiff painful joints and tendons especially following overuse. Worse from cold and damp. Homeopathic medicines can be used to treat the cutaneous manifestations of lupus. Apis: red burning rashes, often associ­ated with fluid retention and swelling (oedema. Better from cold applications. Fluoric acid: hair loss especially alope­cia areata. Sepia: yellow/brown “saddle” across the bridge of the nose. Sulphur: red itchy rashes. Worse with heat, especially the heat of the bed at night. Worse at night. Worse for bathing. > Lungs Pleurisy may develop during flare-up of lupus. The following remedies may be useful in helping to control the pain. Aconite: sudden onset of sharp pains, especially after fright or shock. Worse after exposure to cold dry wind. Bryonia: stitching pains (such as found in pleurisy) worse from the slightest movement. > Migraine Many homeopathic remedies are help­ful in the treatment of these headaches. Belladonna: intense throbbing head pains beginning in the right occiput and extending forwards to the right eye. Worse at 3. 00pm. Worse with any jar­ring. Better lying still in a dark room. Natrum muriaticum: bursting pain, some­times described as a small hammer in one spot. Worse around 10. 00am. Aggravated by sunlight. Spigelia: stitching neuralgic pain on the left side in or above the left eye. Better with heat or hot bathing. The cause of autoimmune disease re­mains unclear but the incidence and prevalence of these illnesses is clearly rising. This rise is mirrored by the increasing occurence of atopic diseases such as asthma and eczema. Studies have shown that the use of antibiotics in the first twelve months of a childs life can lead to a threefold increase in the risk of developing asthma. Is it possible that the drive to minimise our exposure and risk from infectious diseases is actually leav­ing our immune systems with nothing to do other than attack our own organs.

Download free clemency game. Lupus. also known as systemic lupus erythematosus. is a disease of the immune system. Normally, the immune system protects the body from infection. In lupus, however, the immune system inappropriately attacks tissues in various parts of the body. This abnormal activity leads to tissue damage and illness. Who Gets Lupus? According to the Lupus Foundation of America, approximately 1. 5 million people in the U. S. have lupus. People of African, Asian, and Native American descent are more likely to develop lupus than are Caucasians. Although it can occur in both men and women, 90% of people diagnosed with the disease are women. Women of childbearing age (14 to 45 years old) are most often affected and as many as 1 in 250 people may develop lupus. What Are the Symptoms of Lupus? The symptoms of lupus differ from one person to another. Some people have just a few symptoms, while others have many. In addition, there are many different symptoms of lupus because the disease can affect any part of the body. Some of the more common symptoms include: Achy joints (arthralgia) Unexplained fever (more than 100 F) Swollen joints ( arthritis) Prolonged or extreme fatigue Skin rash Ankle swelling and fluid accumulation Pain in the chest when breathing deeply ( pleurisy) A butterfly-shaped rash across the cheeks and nose Hair loss Sensitivity to the sun and/or other light Seizures Mouth or nose sores Pale or purple fingers or toes from cold or stress ( Raynaud's phenomenon) What Problems Can People With Lupus Have? Many people with active lupus feel ill in general and complain of fever, weight loss, and fatigue. People with lupus also develop specific problems when the immune system attacks a particular organ or area in the body. The following areas of the body can be affected by lupus: Skin. Skin problems are a common feature of lupus. Some people with lupus have a red rash over their cheeks and the bridge of their nose. called a "butterfly" or malar rash. Hair loss and mouth sores are also common. One particular type of lupus that generally affects only the skin is called "discoid lupus. With this type of lupus, the skin problems consist of large red, circular rashes that may scar. Skin rashes are usually aggravated by sunlight. A common lupus rash called subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus is often worse after exposure to the sun. This type of rash can affect the arms, legs, and torso. An uncommon but serious form of lupus rash results in the development of large blisters and is called a "bullous" lupus rash. Joints. Arthritis is very common in people with lupus. There may be pain, with or without swelling. Stiffness and pain may be particularly evident in the morning. Arthritis may be a problem for only a few days or weeks, or may be a permanent feature of the disease. Fortunately, the arthritis usually is not crippling. Kidneys. Kidney involvement in people with lupus can be life threatening and may occur in up to half of those with lupus. Kidney problems are more common when someone also has other lupus symptoms, such as fatigue, arthritis, rash, fever, and weight loss. Less often, kidney disease may occur when there are no other symptoms of lupus. Blood. Blood involvement can occur with or without other symptoms. People with lupus may have dangerous reductions in the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, or platelets (particles that help clot the blood. Continued Sometimes, changes in blood counts (low red cell count, or anemia) may cause fatigue, serious infections (low white cell count) or easy bruising or bleeding (low platelet count. Many patients do not have symptoms from low blood counts, however, so it is important for people with lupus to have periodic blood tests in order to detect any problems. Blood clots are more common in people with lupus. Clots often occur in the legs (called deep venous thrombosis or DVT) and lungs (called pulmonary embolus or PE) and occasionally in the brain ( stroke. Blood clots that develop in lupus patients may be associated with the production of antiphospholipid (APL) antibodies. These antibodies are abnormal proteins that may increase the tendency of the blood to clot. Blood can be tested for these antibodies. Brain and Spinal Cord. Brain involvement is, fortunately, a rare problem in people with lupus. When present, it may cause confusion, depression, seizures, and, rarely, strokes. Involvement of the spinal cord ( transverse myelitis) can cause numbness and weakness. Heart and Lungs. Heart and lung involvement often is caused by inflammation of the covering of the heart (pericardium) and lungs (pleura. When these structures become inflamed, patients may develop chest pain, irregular heartbeat, and accumulation of fluid around the lungs (pleuritis or pleurisy) and heart (pericarditis. The heart valves and the lung itself can also be affected by lupus, resulting in shortness of breath. What Causes Lupus? The cause of lupus is unknown. However, there appears to be something that triggers the immune system to attack various areas of the body. That's why suppressing the immune system is one of the main forms of treatment. Finding the cause is the object of major research efforts. Factors that may contribute to the development of lupus include viruses, environmental chemicals and a person's genetic makeup. Female hormones are believed to play a role in the development of lupus because women are affected by lupus much more often than men. This is especially true of women during their reproductive years, a time when hormone levels are highest. The observation that lupus may affect more than one member of the same family has raised the possibility that the tendency to develop lupus may be inherited. Having such a tendency, however, does not predict that a relative will develop lupus. Only about 10% of people with lupus have a close relative with the disease. Drug-induced lupus can occur after the use of some prescription medications (such as hydralazine and procainamide. These symptoms generally improve after the drug is discontinued. How Is Lupus Diagnosed? Lupus is diagnosed when a person has several features of the disease (including symptoms, findings on examination, and blood test abnormalities. The American College of Rheumatology has devised criteria to assist doctors in making the correct diagnosis of lupus. A person should have at least four of the following 11 criteria, either at the same time or one after the other, to be classified as having lupus. These criteria include: Malar rash, a "butterfly" rash that appears on the cheeks. Discoid rash, red, scaly patches on the skin that cause scarring. Photosensitivity, a skin reaction or sensitivity to sunlight. Oral ulcers (open mouth sores. Arthritis, pain, inflammation, or swelling of the joints. Kidney disorder, either excess protein in the urine ( proteinuria) or red blood cells in the urine. Neurological disorder, seizures, or psychosis. Inflammation of the lining around the lungs (pleuritis) or of the lining around the heart (pericarditis) Blood disorder, either low red blood cell count ( anemia) low white blood cell count (leukopenia) decrease in lymphocytes (lymphopenia) or decrease in blood platelets ( thrombocytopenia. Immunologic disorder, including the presence of certain cells or autoantibodies, or a false-positive test result for syphilis. Abnormal blood work, a positive antinuclear antibody (ANA) test result from blood work. What Is an Antinuclear Antibody Test An antinuclear antibody (ANA) test is a sensitive screening tool used to detect autoimmune diseases, including lupus. Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) are antibodies that are directed against certain structures within a cell's nucleus (thus, antinuclear antibody. ANAs are found in particular patterns in people with autoimmune diseases (those in which a person's immune system works against his or her own body. An ANA test is done on a sample of a person's blood. The test determines the strength of the antibodies by measuring how many times the person's blood must be diluted to get a sample that is free of antibodies. Does a Positive ANA Test Mean That I Have Lupus? Not necessarily. The antinuclear antibody (ANA) test is positive in most people who have lupus, but it also may be positive in many people who are healthy or have another autoimmune disease. Therefore, a positive ANA test alone is not adequate for the diagnosis of lupus. There must be at least three additional clinical features from the list of 11 features for the diagnosis to be made. How Is Lupus Treated? The type of lupus treatment prescribed will depend on several factors, including the person's age, type of drugs he or she is taking, overall health, medical history, and location and severity of disease. Because lupus is a condition that can change over time and is not always predictable, a critical part of good care includes periodic visits with a knowledgeable, accessible doctor, such as a rheumatologist. Some people with mild features of the disease do not require treatment, while people with serious involvement (such as kidney complications) may require powerful medications. Drugs used to treat lupus include: Steroids. Steroid creams can be applied directly to rashes. The use of creams is usually safe and effective, especially for mild rashes. The use of steroid creams or tablets in low doses can be effective for mild or moderate features of lupus. Steroids also can be used in higher doses when internal organs are threatened. Unfortunately, high doses also are most likely to produce side effects. Plaquenil ( hydroxychloroquine. Commonly used to help keep mild lupus-related problems, such as skin and joint disease, under control. This drug is also effective at preventing lupus flares. Cytoxan ( cyclophosphamide. A chemotherapy drug that has very powerful effects on reducing the activity of the immune system. It is used to treat severe forms of lupus, such as those affecting the kidneys or brain. Imuran ( azathioprine. A medication originally used to prevent rejection of transplanted organs. It is commonly used to treat the more serious features of lupus. Rheumatrex ( methotrexate. Another chemotherapy drug used to suppress the immune system. Its use is becoming increasingly popular for skin disease, arthritis, and other non-life-threatening forms of disease that have not responded to medications such as hydroxychloroquine or low doses of prednisone. Benlysta (belimumab. This drug weakens the immune system by targeting a protein that may reduce the abnormal B cells thought to contribute to lupus. People with active, autoantibody-positive lupus may benefit from Benlysta when given in addition to standard drug therapy. CellCept ( mycophenolate mofetil. A drug that suppresses the immune system and is also used to prevent rejection of transplanted organs. It is being used increasingly to treat serious features of lupus, especially those previously treated by Cytoxan. Rituxan ( rituximab. A biologic agent used to treat lymphoma and rheumatoid arthritis. It is used to treat the most serious features of lupus when other therapies are not effective. What Is the Outlook for People With Lupus? The outlook for lupus varies, depending on the organs involved and the severity of symptoms. The disease often includes periods of symptoms followed by periods of remission or lack of symptoms. Most people with lupus can expect to have a normal lifespan, especially if they follow their doctor's instructions and their treatment plans. What Can Be Done to Improve Quality of Life With Lupus? There is no cure for lupus, but there are steps you can take to improve your sense of well-being and your quality of life, including: Exercise. Low-impact exercises, such as walking, swimming, and biking can help prevent muscle wasting and lower your risk for developing osteoporosis (thinning of the bones. Exercise also can have a positive impact on mood. Get enough rest. Pace yourself, alternating periods of activity with periods of rest. Eat well. People with lupus should eat a nutritious, well-balanced diet. Avoid alcohol. Alcohol can interact with your medications to cause significant stomach or intestinal problems, including ulcers. Don't smoke. Smoking can impair circulation and worsen symptoms in people with lupus. Tobacco smoke also has negative effects on your heart, lungs, and stomach. Play it safe in the sun. People with lupus may develop rashes or disease flares when exposed to the sun. All lupus patients should protect themselves from the sun; limit time in the sun, especially between 10 a. m. and 2 p. m., wearing sunglasses, a hat, and sunscreen when you are out in the sun. Treat fevers. Take care of fevers and infections promptly. A fever may indicate an infection or a lupus flare-up. Be a partner in your care. Build an honest and open relationship with your doctor. Be patient. It often takes time to find the right medication and dosage that works best for you. Also, follow your doctor's treatment plan and don't be afraid to ask questions. Get to know your disease. Keep a record of your lupus symptoms, which parts of your body are affected and any situations or activities that seem to trigger your symptoms. Ask for help. Don't be afraid to recognize when you need help and to ask for it. Consider joining a support group. It often helps to talk to others who have been through similar experiences. Living With Someone Who Has Lupus If someone close to you has lupus, your life will likely be affected, as well. It is important to understand your loved one's illness and what he or she may be expecting from you. The following are some tips for living with someone who has lupus: Learn about lupus and its treatment. Understanding the illness can help you know what to expect, and provide better support and understanding. Don't push. Give your loved one enough space to deal with the illness and regain some control over his or her life. When possible, go with the person to the doctor. This is a good way to offer support and to listen to what the doctor says. Sometimes, a person feels overwhelmed and cannot take in everything the doctor says. Encourage the person to take care of himself or herself and to follow the doctor's treatment plan, but do it gently. Be patient and don't nag. Be open with the person. Talk about your own fears and concerns, and ask the person about his or her fears and needs.

Download free clemency certificate. Download free clemency forms. Download free clemency programs. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) otherwise known as lupus, is a chronic condition that results from a malfunctioning immune system. People with lupus are more likely to experience infection and infection-related complications. This is because their immune system is weakened by both the disease and the medication used to treat it. The most common infections for people with lupus include those of the respiratory tract, skin and urinary system. Lupus and the immune system The immune system is made up of many different types of immune cells and proteins that work to protect your body against disease and infection. When your body detects the presence of germs, such as bacteria or a virus, your immune system responds and defends your body against these invaders. Once they deal with the germs, they switch off, and everything returns to normal. However sometimes, with conditions like lupus, the immune system malfunctions and attacks the healthy tissues its supposed to protect, including skin, joints, kidneys and lining of the heart and lungs. Your immune system launches an attack and doesnt stop. This causes ongoing inflammation, pain and tissue damage. Many people with lupus take immunosuppressive medication to control their immune system and to help prevent this inflammation and pain occurring. Unfortunately, these medications affect the entire immune system. They dont target only the malfunctioning cells, but also the normal ones. In particular, the activity of white blood cells may be affected, which means that the body has a weaker response against bacterial infection. Lupus and common infections People with lupus are prone to catching the same kinds of infections that affect other people. However, theyre also at risk from ‘opportunistic organisms, such as fungi, that are more likely to cause infection when the immune system is weakened. Although people with lupus are more susceptible to microorganisms, the resulting infections are usually mild. Some of the more common infections include: herpes zoster (virus) Staphylococcus aureus (bacterium) Escherichia coli (bacterium) Salmonella (bacterium) Candida albicans (fungus. Diagnosing an infection in someone with lupus It can sometimes be difficult to diagnose an infection in someone who has lupus, because the symptoms may closely mimic those of lupus. For instance, it can be hard to tell whether joint pains and fever are caused by a lupus flare or an infection. To further complicate matters, an infection can trigger a lupus flare. A chronic low-grade fever may be normal for someone with lupus, so it helps to take your temperature at the same time daily. It is recommended that you see your doctor if you have a temperature that is higher than usual, or experience any symptoms that arent typical for you. Methods used to diagnose the presence of an infection may include: physical examination by your doctor blood tests urine tests chest x-ray cultures of the throat, blood, urine or stool. Treating an infection in someone with lupus The medical treatment required to treat infection in a person with lupus may be more prolonged than that needed for people who do not have lupus. Treatment depends on the type of infectious agent: Bacterial infections are treated with antibiotics. This may include intravenous antibiotics and hospital admission in the case of more serious infections, particularly if the person is using immunosuppressive drugs as part of their lupus therapy. Fungal infections are treated with antifungal medications. They may be in the form of creams, suppositories or oral medications. Many viral infections (such as sinus infections, bronchitis and colds) dont respond to treatment, and shouldnt be treated with antibiotics. (Overuse of antibiotics leads to bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics and harder to treat. In these situations, your doctor may recommend that you use over-the-counter treatments to help you feel better for the duration of the infection (for example, pain relievers for pain, short term use of nasal sprays for a blocked or runny nose. Antiviral medication may be used in the case of some viral infections (for example, herpes zoster. Some people with lupus will have an allergic reaction to sulfa antibiotics, which may cause increased photosensitivity, skin rashes and lower white blood cell counts. This type of antibiotic should be avoided wherever possible. Reducing the risk of infection if you have lupus Because treating infections is difficult if you have lupus, the best thing you can do is reduce your risk of infection. You can do this by: washing your hands thoroughly treating any cuts and grazes to the skin promptly having high standards of personal hygiene cleaning your house regularly and thoroughly avoiding use of items that commonly harbour germs such as old, soiled kitchen sponges avoiding contact with anyone who has an infection talking to your doctor about an annual influenza (flu) immunisation and pneumococcal immunisation eating a well-balanced and nutritious diet taking your temperature daily so you know what is normal for you consulting your doctor (who may recommend a preventative course of antibiotics) prior to any dental or surgical procedure. Where to get help Your GP (doctor) Rheumatologist Immunologist Musculoskeletal Australia National Help Line Tel. [phone] Content Partner This page has been produced in consultation with and approved by: Musculoskeletal Australia - formerly MOVE Last updated: August 2019 Content on this website is provided for information purposes only. Information about a therapy, service, product or treatment does not in any way endorse or support such therapy, service, product or treatment and is not intended to replace advice from your doctor or other registered health professional. The information and materials contained on this website are not intended to constitute a comprehensive guide concerning all aspects of the therapy, product or treatment described on the website. All users are urged to always seek advice from a registered health care professional for diagnosis and answers to their medical questions and to ascertain whether the particular therapy, service, product or treatment described on the website is suitable in their circumstances. The State of Victoria and the Department of Health & Human Services shall not bear any liability for reliance by any user on the materials contained on this website.

Kysymys: Mikä ero on armolla ja laupeudella? Vastaus: Armo ja laupeus on helppo sekoittaa keskenään. Ne ovat samankaltaiset, mutta eivät tarkoita samaa. Niiden väliset erot voi kiteyttää seuraavasti: laupeus merkitsee, että Jumala ei rankaise meitä synneistämme ansioidemme mukaan; ja armo tarkoittaa, että Jumala siunaa meitä, vaikka emme sitä ansaitse. Laupeus on vapautus tuomiosta. Armo on hyvyyden osoitus arvotonta kohtaan. Raamatun mukaan kaikki ovat tehneet syntiä (Saarn. 7:20; Room. 3:23; 1. Joh. 1:8. Tämän seurauksena me kaikki ansaitsemme kuolemanrangaistuksen (Room. 6:23) ja iankaikkisen tuomion tulisessa järvessä (Ilm. 20:12-15. Tämä mielessämme, jokainen uusi päivä on armon osoitus Jumalalta. Jos Jumala kohtelisi meitä ansioittemme mukaisesti, me kaikki kohtaisimme tuomiomme välittömästi. Psalmissa 51:3-4 Daavid pyytää, Jumala, ole minulle armollinen hyvyydessäsi, pyyhi pois minun syntini suuren laupeutesi tähden. Pese minut puhtaaksi rikoksestani ja anna lankeemukseni anteeksi. Laupeuden pyytäminen Jumalalta merkitsee, että haluamme hänen lykkäävän ansaitsemaamme rangaistusta ja antamaan meille sen sijaan anteeksi, vaikka emme mitenkään ole sitä ansainneet. Me emme ansaitse mitään Jumalalta. Jumala ei ole meille mitään velkaa. Kaikki kokemamme hyvä on Jumalan armon ansiota (Ef. 2:5. Armo on yksinkertaisesti ansaitsematon suosionosoitus. Jumala antaa meidän elämäämme kaikkea hyvää, jota emme ansaitse ja jota emme koskaan voisi ansaita tekojemme kautta. Olemme pelastuneet tuomiosta Jumalan laupeuden kautta, armo on kaikki, mitä saamme tuon armollisuuden jälkeen (Room. 3:24. Yleisessä armossa on kyse siitä maailmanlaajuisesta Jumalan osoittamasta armollisuudesta ihmiskunnalle heidän hengellisestä tilastaan riippumatta. Pelastavassa armossa puolestaan on kyse Jumalan kaikkivaltaisuudessaan antamasta ansaitsemattomasta jumalallisesta avusta valituilleen heidän uudestisyntymässään ja pyhityksessään. Armo ja laupeus tulevat parhaiten esille Jeesuksen Kristuksen kautta tapahtuvassa pelastumisessa. Me ansaitsemme tuomion, mutta ottaessamme Jeesuksen Kristuksen vastaan pelastajana, saamme kokea Jumalan laupeuden ja vapaudumme tuomiosta. Tuomion sijaan saamme pelastuksen armon, syntien anteeksiannon, yltäkylläisen elämän (Joh. 10:10) ja iankaikkisuuden taivaassa (Ilm. 21-22. Jumalan armon ja laupeuden vuoksi meidän tulisi vaipua polvillemme ja palvoa häntä kiitoksin. Hepr. 4:16 julistaa "Astukaamme sen tähden rohkeasti armon valtaistuimen eteen, jotta saisimme laupeuden ja löytäisimme armon avuksemme, silloin kun sitä tarvitsemme. " English Paluu suomenkieliselle etusivulle Mikä ero on armolla ja laupeudella.

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Lupus is a long-term autoimmune disease in which the bodys immune system becomes hyperactive and attacks normal, healthy tissue. Symptoms include inflammation, swelling, and damage to the joints, skin, kidneys, blood, heart, and lungs. Due to its complex nature, people sometimes call lupus the “disease of 1, 000 faces. ” In the United States, people report around 16, 000 new cases of lupus each year, and up to 1. 5 million people may be living with the condition, according to the Lupus Foundation of America. The Foundation say that lupus affects women in particular, and it is most likely to appear between the ages of 15 and 44 years. Lupus gained public attention in 2015 after the singer Selena Gomez announced she received a diagnosis in her late teens and underwent treatment for the condition. Lupus is not a contagious disease. A person cannot transmit it sexually or in any other way to another person. However, in rare cases, women with lupus may give birth to children who develop a form of lupus. This is called neonatal lupus. There are different kinds of lupus. This article will focus mainly on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) but other types include discoid, drug-induced, and neonatal lupus. Systemic lupus erythematosus Share on Pinterest A malar rash is a key symptom of lupus. Image credit: Doktorinternet, 2013. SLE is the most familiar type of lupus. It is a systemic condition. This means it has an impact throughout the body. The symptoms can range from mild to severe. It is more severe than other types of lupus, such as discoid lupus, because it can affect any of the bodys organs or organ systems. It can cause inflammation in the skin, joints, lungs, kidneys, blood, heart, or a combination of these. This condition typically goes through cycles. At times of remission, the person will have no symptoms. During a flare-up, the disease is active, and symptoms appear. Discoid lupus erythematosus In discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) — or cutaneous lupus — symptoms affect only the skin. A rash appears on the face, neck, and scalp. The raised areas may become thick and scaly, and scarring may result. The rash may last from a number of days to several years, and it may recur. DLE does not affect the internal organs, but around 10 percent of people with DLE will go on to develop SLE, according to the Lupus Foundation of America. It is not clear, however, if these individuals already had SLE and just showed clinical signs on the skin or if there is a progression from DLE or SLE. Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus refers to skin lesions that appear on parts of the body that are exposed to the sun. The lesions do not cause scarring. Drug-induced lupus In around 10 percent of people with SLE, symptoms occur because of a reaction to certain prescription drugs. According to Genetics Home Reference, some 80 drugs may cause the condition. These include some of the drugs that people use to treat seizures and high blood pressure. They also include some thyroid medications, antibiotics, antifungals, and oral contraceptive pills. Drugs that are commonly associated with this form of lupus are: Hydralazine, a hypertension medication Procainamide, a heart arrhythmia medication Isoniazid, an antibiotic used to treat tuberculosis (TB) Drug-induced lupus typically goes away after the person stops taking the medication. Neonatal lupus Most babies born to mothers with SLE are healthy. However, around 1 percent of women with autoantibodies relating to lupus will have a baby with neonatal lupus. The woman may have SLE, Sjögrens syndrome, or no disease symptoms at all. Sjögrens syndrome is another autoimmune condition that often occurs with lupus. Key symptoms include dry eyes and a dry mouth. At birth, babies with neonatal lupus may have a skin rash, liver problems, and low blood counts. Around 10 percent of them will have anemia. The lesions usually go away after a few weeks. However, some infants have a congenital heart block, in which the heart cannot regulate a normal and rhythmic pumping action. The infant may need a pacemaker. This can be a life-threatening condition. It is important for women with SLE or other related autoimmune disorders to be under a doctors care during pregnancy. Lupus is an autoimmune condition, but the exact cause is unclear. What goes wrong? The immune system protects the body and fights off antigens, such as viruses, bacteria, and germs. It does this by producing proteins called antibodies. White blood cells, or B lymphocytes, produce these antibodies. When a person has an autoimmune condition, such as lupus, the immune system cannot differentiate between unwanted substances, or antigens, and healthy tissue. As a result, the immune system directs antibodies against both the healthy tissue and the antigens. This causes swelling, pain, and tissue damage. The most common type of autoantibody that develops in people with lupus is an antinuclear antibody (ANA. The ANA reacts with parts of the cells nucleus, the command center of the cell. These autoantibodies circulate in the blood, but some of the bodys cells have walls permeable enough to let some autoantibodies through. The autoantibodies can then attack the DNA in the nucleus of these cells. This is why lupus affects some organs and not others. Why does the immune system go wrong? Several genetic factors probably influence the development of SLE. Some genes in the body help the immune system to function. In people with SLE, changes in these genes may stop the immune system from working properly. One possible theory relates to cell death, a natural process that occurs as the body renews its cells, according to Genetics Home Reference. Some scientists believe that, due to genetic factors, the body does not get rid of cells that have died. These dead cells that remain may release substances that cause the immune system to malfunction. Lupus may develop in response to a number of factors. These may be hormonal, genetic, environmental, or a combination of these. 1) Hormones Hormones are chemical substances that the body produces. They control and regulate the activity of certain cells or organs. Hormonal activity could explain the following risk factors: Sex: The U. S. National Institutes of Health note that females are nine times more likely to have lupus than males. Age: Symptoms and diagnosis often occur between the ages of 15 and 45 years, during the childbearing years. However, 20 percent of cases appear after the age of 50 years, according to Genetics Home Reference. As 9 out of 10 occurrences of lupus affect females, researchers have looked at a possible link between estrogen and lupus. Both men and women produce estrogen, but women produce more. In a review published in 2016, scientists observed that estrogen can affect immune activity and induce lupus antibodies in mice that are susceptible to lupus. This may explain why autoimmune diseases are more likely to affect women than men. In 2010, researchers who published a study on self-reported flares in the journal Rheumatology found that women with lupus report more severe pain and fatigue during menstruation. This suggests that flares may be more likely at this time. There is not enough evidence to confirm that estrogen causes lupus. If there is a link, estrogen-based treatment could regulate the severity of lupus. However, more research is necessary before doctors can offer it as a treatment. 2) Genetic factors Researchers have not proved that any specific genetic factor causes lupus, although it is more common in some families. Genetic factors may be the reason why the following are risk factors for lupus: Race: People of any background can develop lupus, but it is two to three times more common in people of color, compared with the white population. It is also more common in Hispanic, Asian, and Native American women. Family history: A person who has a first- or second-degree relative with lupus will have a higher risk of developing it. Scientists have identified certain genes that may contribute to the development of lupus, but there is not enough evidence to prove that they cause the disease. In studies of identical twins, one twin may develop lupus while the other does not, even if they grow up together and have the same environmental exposures. If one member of a twin pair has lupus, the other has a 25-percent chance of developing the disease, according to a study published in Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism in 2017. Identical twins are more likely to both have the condition. Lupus can happen in people with no family history of the disease, but there may be other autoimmune diseases in the family. Examples include thyroiditis, hemolytic anemia, and idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura. Some have proposed that changes in the x-chromosomes might affect the risk. 3) Environment Environmental agents — such as chemicals or viruses — may contribute to triggering lupus in people who are already genetically susceptible. Possible environmental triggers include: Smoking: A rise in the number of cases in recent decades may be due to higher tobacco exposure. Exposure to sunlight: Some suggest that this may be a trigger. Medication: Around 10 percent of cases may be drug-related, according to Genetics Home Reference Viral infections: These may trigger symptoms in people who are prone to SLE. Lupus is not contagious, and a person cannot transmit it sexually. Gut microbiota Recently, scientists have been looking at gut microbiota as a possible factor in the development of lupus. Scientists who published research in Applied and Environmental Microbiology in 2018 noted that specific changes in gut microbiota feature in both people and mice with lupus. They call for more research into this area. Are children at risk? Lupus is rare in children under the age of 15 years unless their birth mother has it. In this case, a child may have lupus-related heart, liver, or skin problems. Infants with neonatal lupus may have a higher chance of developing another autoimmune disease later in life. The symptoms of lupus occur in times of flare-ups. Between flare-ups, people usually experience times of remission, when there are few or no symptoms. Lupus has a wide range of symptoms, including: fatigue a loss of appetite and weight loss pain or swelling in joints and muscles swelling in the legs or around the eyes swollen glands, or lymph nodes skin rashes, due to bleeding under the skin mouth ulcers sensitivity to the sun fever headaches chest pain upon deep breathing unusual hair loss pale or purple fingers or toes from cold or stress ( Raynauds phenomenon) arthritis Lupus affects people in different ways. Symptoms can occur in many parts of the body. Effect on other body systems Lupus can also affect the following systems: Kidneys: Inflammation of the kidneys (nephritis) can make it difficult for the body to remove waste products and other toxins effectively. Around 1 in 3 people with lupus will have kidney problems. Lungs: Some people develop pleuritis, an inflammation of the lining of the chest cavity that causes chest pain, particularly with breathing. Pneumonia may develop. Central nervous system: Lupus can sometimes affect the brain or central nervous system. Symptoms include headaches, dizziness, depression, memory disturbances, vision problems, seizures, stroke, or changes in behavior. Blood vessels: Vasculitis, or inflammation of the blood vessels, can occur. This can affect circulation. Blood: Lupus can cause anemia, leukopenia (a decreased number of white blood cells) or thrombocytopenia (a decrease in the number of platelets in the blood, which assist in clotting. Heart: If inflammation affects the heart, it can result in myocarditis and endocarditis. It can also affect the membrane that surrounds the heart, causing pericarditis. Chest pain or other symptoms may result. Endocarditis can damage the heart valves, causing the valve surface to thicken and develop. This can result in growths that can lead to heart murmurs. Other complications Having lupus increases the risk of a number of health problems. Infection: Infection becomes more likely because both lupus and its treatments weaken the immune system. Common infections include urinary tract infections, respiratory infections, yeast infections, salmonella, herpes, and shingles. Bone tissue death: This occurs when there is low blood supply to a bone. Tiny breaks can develop in the bone. Eventually, the bone may collapse. It most commonly affects the hip joint. Pregnancy complications: Women with lupus have a higher risk of pregnancy loss, preterm birth, and preeclampsia, a condition that includes high blood pressure. To reduce the risk of these complications, doctors often recommend delaying pregnancy until lupus has been under control for at least 6 months. The following video explains how lupus causes symptoms. The American College of Rheumatology use a standard classification scheme to confirm a diagnosis. If a person meets 4 out of 11 criteria, a doctor will consider that they may have lupus. The 11 criteria are: Malar rash: A butterfly-shaped rash appears across the cheeks and nose. Discoid rash: Raised red patches develop. Photosensitivity: A skin rash appears after exposure to sunlight. Oral or nose ulcers: These are usually painless. Non-erosive arthritis: This does not destroy the bones around the joints, but there is tenderness, swelling, or effusion in 2 or more peripheral joints. Pericarditis or pleuritis: Inflammation affects the lining around the heart (pericarditis) or lungs (pleuritis. Kidney disorder: Tests show high levels of protein or cellular casts in the urine if a person has a kidney problem. Neurologic disorder: The person has seizures, psychosis, or problems with thinking and reasoning. Hematologic (blood) disorder: Hemolytic anemia is present, with a low white blood-cell count or low platelet count. Immunologic disorder: Tests show that there are antibodies to double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) antibodies to Sm, or antibodies to cardiolipin. Positive ANA: The test for ANA is positive, and the person has not used any drugs that might induce it. However, even this system sometimes misses early and mild cases. Underdiagnosis can occur because the signs and symptoms of lupus are not specific. On the other hand, some blood tests can lead to overdiagnosis, because people without lupus can have the same antibodies as those with the condition. Diagnosis can be difficult because of the varied symptoms that may resemble symptoms of other illnesses. The doctor will ask about symptoms, carry out a physical examination, and take a personal and family medical history. They will also consider the 11 criteria mentioned above. The doctor may request some blood tests and other laboratory investigations. Biomarkers Biomarkers are antibodies, proteins, genetic, and other factors that can show a doctor what is happening in the body or how the body is responding to treatment. They are useful because they can indicate if a person has a condition even when there are no symptoms. Lupus affects individuals in different ways. This makes it difficult to find reliable biomarkers. However, a combination of blood tests and other investigations can help a doctor to confirm a diagnosis. Blood tests Blood tests can show whether certain biomarkers are present, and biomarkers can give information about which autoimmune disease, if any, a person has. 1) Antinuclear antibody Around 95 percent of people with lupus will have a positive result in the ANA test. However, some people test positive for ANA, but they do not have lupus. Other tests must confirm the diagnosis. 2) Antiphospholipid antibodies Antiphospholipid antibodies (APLs) are a type of antibody directed against phospholipids. APLs are present in up to 50 percent of people with lupus. People without lupus can also have APLs. A person with APLs may have a higher risk of blood clots, stroke, and pulmonary hypertension. There is also a higher risk of pregnancy complications, including a loss of pregnancy. 3) Anti-DNA antibody test Around 70 percent of people with lupus have an antibody known as the anti-DNA antibody. The result is more likely to be positive during a flare-up. 4) Anti-dsDNA antibody The anti-double-stranded DNA antibody (anti-dsDNA) is a specific type of ANA antibody that occurs about 30 percent of people with lupus. Fewer than 1 percent of people without lupus have this antibody. If the test is positive, it may mean that a person has a more serious form of lupus, such as lupus nephritis, or kidney lupus. 5) Anti-Smith antibody Around 20 percent of people with lupus have an antibody to Sm, a ribonucleoprotein that is present in the nucleus of a cell. It is present in fewer than 1 percent of people without lupus, and it is rare in those with other rheumatic diseases. For this reason, a person with anti-sm antibodies is likely to have lupus. It is not usually present with kidney lupus. 6) Anti-U1RNP antibody Around 25 percent of people with lupus have anti-U1RNP antibodies, and fewer than 1 percent of people without lupus have them. This antibody may be present in people who have Raynauds phenomenon, and Jaccouds arthropathy, a deformity of the hand due to arthritis. 7) Anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB antibodies Between 30 and 40 percent of people with lupus have anti-Ro/SSA and anti-La/SSB antibodies. These also occur with primary Sjögrens syndrome and in people with lupus who test negative for ANA. They are present in small amount in about 15 percent of people without lupus, and they can occur with other rheumatic conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis. If a mother has anti-Ro and anti-La antibodies, there is a higher chance that a baby born to her will have neonatal lupus. A person with lupus who wishes to become pregnant have tests for these antibodies. 8) Anti-histone antibodies Antibodies to histones are proteins that play a role in the structure of DNA. People with drug-induced lupus usually have them, and people with SLE may have them. However, they do not necessarily confirm a diagnosis of lupus. Serum (blood) complement test A serum complement test measures the levels of proteins that the body consumes when inflammation takes place. If a person has low complement levels, this suggests that inflammation is present in the body and that SLE is active. Urine tests Urine tests can help to diagnose and monitor the effects of lupus on the kidneys. The presence of protein, red blood cells, white blood cells, and cellular casts can all help to show how well the kidneys are working. For some tests, only one sample is necessary. For others, the person may need to collect samples over 24 hours. Tissue biopsies The doctor may also request biopsies, usually of the skin or kidneys, to check for any damage or inflammation. Imaging tests X-rays and other imaging tests can help doctors see the organs affected by lupus. Monitoring tests Ongoing tests can show how lupus continues to affect a person or how well their body is responding to treatment. There is currently no cure for lupus, but people can manage their symptoms and flares with lifestyle changes and medication. Treatment aims to: prevent or manage flares reduce the risk of organ damage Medication can help to: reduce pain and swelling regulate the activity of the immune system balance hormones reduce or prevent joint and organ damage manage blood pressure reduce the risk of infection control cholesterol The exact treatment will depend on how lupus affects the individual. Without treatment, flares can occur that may have life-threatening consequences. Alternative and home therapies Apart from medication, the following may help to relieve pain or reduce the risk of a flare: applying heat and cold participating in relaxation or meditation activities, including yoga and tai chi doing regular exercise when possible avoiding exposure to the sun avoid stress, as far as possible Some people use the supplement thunder-god vine. However, the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) warn that this can be poisonous. It is important to speak to a doctor before using it. Outlook In the past, people who had a diagnosis of lupus would not usually survive for more than 5 years. Now, however treatment can significantly increase a persons lifespan, according to the National Institutes of Health. Effective therapy also makes it possible to manage lupus, so that a person can live an active, healthy life. As scientists learn more about genetics, doctors hope that one day they will be able to identify lupus at an earlier stage. This will make it easier to prevent complications before they occur. Sometimes people choose to join a clinical trial, as this can give access to new medications. To find out more about clinical trials click here.

 

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